D. novae-zelandiae is found in the alpine and subalpine regions of New Zealand and Tasmania while D. fascicularis is native to similar habitats in southern South America to latitude 40°S.
Only the first type occurs in the north (around 20th parallel south and northwards), and only the third type occurs in the far south (around 40th parallel south and southwards).
Unlike the northern hemisphere, the large tracts of open ocean below 40th parallel south (interrupted only by Tasmania, New Zealand, and the southern part of South America) mean that higher windspeeds—the Roaring Forties—can develop.
The Saldanha catshark (Apristurus saldanha) is a species of catshark, family Scyliorhinidae, found from Cape Columbine to south of False Bay in South Africa, between latitudes 31° S and 40° S.
Bathypterois grallator has been found relatively widely in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans from a northern latitude of the 40th parallel north to a southern latitude of the 40th parallel south.
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The Caribbean sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon porosus, is a requiem shark, family Carcharhinidae, found in the tropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean between latitudes 28° N and 40° S, from the surface to 500 m.