A component, the Fast Troops Group Kalinčiak took part in Operation Barbarossa in 1941, advancing under Army Group South.
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It was created on the 1 April 1944 by renaming Army Group South on trial basis, in the course of the separation of troops under command of General Field Marshal Erich von Manstein and General Field Marshal Walter Model.
After a highly successful summer campaign in 1941 as part of Army Group South, the Romanian Armed Forces regained the territory between the Prut and Dniestr rivers.