Catherine Barton (1679–1739) was Isaac Newton's half-niece, probable mistress of Charles Montague and later, the wife of John Conduitt.
Having slowly risen to government ascendancy in the person of Lord Danby (1st Earl) who had held office through three shortly-spaced changes of Sovereign (dating to the Royal-dominated ministries of Charles II), the Whig elite established dominance in 1694 with the appointment of Sir Charles Montagu as Chancellor of the Exchequer.
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Having survived the death of his first-born son in 1808, he was succeeded by his second born son, the twelve-year-old Walter, Earl of Dalkeith.
Through his friend Charles Montagu, afterwards Earl of Halifax, he entered the diplomatic service, and in 1692 was sent as envoy to Brandenburg.
Buccleuch was born at Dalkeith House, Midlothian, Scotland, the fifth child of seven, and second son of Charles Montagu-Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch, and the Honourable Harriet Katherine Townshend, daughter of Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney and Elizabeth Powys.
The most illustrious holder of the office of Warden of the Mint was Isaac Newton, who was warranted to this position on the recommendation of his friend, Montagu, Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1698.