Their purpose was to prevent American-led coalition forces from bombing certain locations.
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According to a Human Rights Watch report published on February 19, 2009, the LTTE had been preventing Tamil civilians from fleeing out of rebel held area and using them as human shields against a Sri Lankan Army offensive.
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During the Battle of Okinawa, Japanese soldiers often used civilians as human shields against American troops.
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In 1864, the Confederate Army imprisoned 50 Union Army officers as human shields against federal artillery in the city of Charleston, South Carolina, in an attempt to stop Union artillery from firing upon civilians in the city.
They were used as Human Shields in an attempt to silence the Confederate artillery at Fort Sumter and soon became known in the South as the Immortal Six Hundred.