In 1747, while serving as surgeon on HMS Salisbury, James Lind carried out a controlled experiment to develop a cure for scurvy.
Dr James Lind (1716–1794), a leading physician at Haslar from 1758 till 1785, played a major part in discovering a cure for scurvy, not least through his pioneering use of a double blind methodology with Vitamin C supplements (limes).
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From 1758 the chief surgeon was James Lind, who previously, though unwittingly, had discovered the cure for scurvy.
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James Lind's discovery of the causes of scurvy amongst sailors and its' mitigation via the introduction of fruit on lengthy voyages was published in 1754 and led to the adoption of this idea by the Royal Navy.
1753 — First description of a controlled experiment using identical populations with only one variable: James Lind's research into Scurvy among sailors.