References to Arthromitus date back to 1849, when they were first observed by renowned physician and naturalist Joseph Leidy, who named the organisms Arthromitus (from Greek Arthro-, joint + mitos, thread).
Dr. Spitzka performed post mortem examinations of the brains of many distinguished American men, including Prof. Edward Drinker Cope, Prof. Joseph Leidy, Prof. Harrison Allen, Dr. William Pepper, George Francis Train, and Major John Wesley Powell.
Its describer, Joseph Leidy, erroneously thought that Palaeosyops consumed both plants and animals after examining the fang-like canines.
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The maxilla was discovered around 1845 during the course of a well excavation in Spring Brook in the New London area and its significance was recognized by geologists John William Dawson and Joseph Leidy.
In 1870, American geologist Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden found the first fossils of Saniwa near the town of Granger, Wyoming, and gave them to paleontologist Joseph Leidy.