During his reign he embarked on a vast program of expansion, first conquering the peoples to the north in Asia Minor as far as Nairi and exacting tribute from Phrygia, then invading Aram (modern Syria) conquering the Aramaeans and neo Hittites between the Khabur and the Euphrates Rivers.
His son Shamshi-Adad I ascended to the throne around 1810 BCE, continuing the conflict and attempting to extend into the valley along the Khabur River.
His excavations included the prehistoric village at Tell Arpachiyah, and the sites at Chagar Bazar and Tell Brak in the Upper Khabur area (Syria).
Rhesaena (Resaena: numerous variations of the name appear in ancient authors) was an important town at the northern extremity of Mesopotamia, near the sources of the Chaboras (now the Khabur River.
They concentrated in the Jazira region and built a number of villages on the banks of the Khabur River.
Its exact location is still unknown, although it is speculated to be in the Khabur region.
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The Euphrates originates in Turkey, is augmented by the Balikh and Khabur rivers in Syria, and enters Iraq in the northwest.
This region is watered by two tributaries to the Euphrates, the Balikh and the Khabur.
Contemporary archives have been found, among others, in Tell Leilan in the Upper Khabur area and Tell Shemshara in the Zagros Mountains.
Sayce identified Shinar as cognate with the following names: Sangara/Sangar mentioned in the context of the Asiatic conquests of Thutmose III (15th century BCE); Sanhar/Sankhar of the Amarna letters (14th century BCE); the Greeks's Singara; and modern Sinjar, in Upper Mesopotamia, near the Khabur River.
The Khabur River, which carries the same name as the frontier gate, crosses in the district territory and joins the Tigris here.
Arbayistan was a Sassanid Persian satrapy in Late Antiquity, which reached across Upper Mesopotamia toward the Khabur river and north to the lower districts of Armenia.