Then in 1579 the privy council decided to arrest both he and his brother, Lord John Hamilton (c. 1535–1604) (afterwards 1st Marquess of Hamilton), to punish them for their past misdeeds; but the brothers escaped to the Kingdom of England, where Elizabeth I of England used them as pawns in the diplomatic game, and later Claud lived for a short time in France.
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Born Mary Kathleen Crichton, the daughter of Henry Crichton, Viscount Crichton, she was married on 9 February 1928 to the Marquess of Hamilton (in St Martin-in-the-Fields), who succeeded his father as 4th Duke of Abercorn in 1953.
In 1866, he was appointed Viceroy of Ireland, and two years later was created Marquess of Hamilton (in the Peerage of the United Kingdom) and Duke of Abercorn (in the Peerage of Ireland), resigning shortly after Gladstone won the 1868 general election.