X-Nico

21 unusual facts about RNA polymerase


Bacterial small RNA

The 6S RNA binds to RNA polymerase and regulates transcription, tmRNA has functions in protein synthesis, including the recycling of stalled ribosomes, 4.5S RNA regulates signal recognition particle (SRP), which is required for the secretion of proteins and RNase P is involved in maturing tRNAs.

Cilevirus

The 286 kDa protein is a polyprotein involved in virus replication and has four conserved domains: methyltransferase, protease, helicase and an RNA dependent RNA polymerase.

Cis-natural antisense transcript

RNA polymerases will then begin transcribing the gene at the transcription initiation site laying down nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction.

Consensus sequence

Such information is important when considering sequence dependent enzymes such as RNA polymerase.

Enhanceosome

The assembled enhanceosome recruits transcriptional machinery such as RNA polymerase to the promoter region to initiate gene expression.

EsiRNA

RNA polymerase is then used to generate long double stranded RNA that is homologous to the target-gene cDNA.

Flexiviridae

These have in turn been subsumed under the new order Tymovirales along with the old family Tymoviridae by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses based on molecular phylogenetic systematic analyses of proteins (RNA polymerase and viral coat).

Lacto-rpoB RNA motif

These genes encode a subunit of RNA polymerase, and it is hypothesized that Lacto-rpoB RNA participate in the regulation of these genes.

Mutation Frequency Decline

Mfd functions in transcription-coupled repair to remove a stalled RNA polymerase that has encountered DNA damage and is unable to continue translocating.

Norovirus cis-acting replication element

In molecular biology, the Norovirus cis-acting replication element (CRE) is an RNA element which is found in the coding region of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in Norovirus.

Partitiviridae

The genome segments are packaged in the same virus particle, the larger segment codes for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the smaller codes for the coat protein.

PhiKMV-like viruses

Although phiKMV phage resembles the well-studied podovirus T7 in overall genome architecture, it was the first known T7-like phage which encoded a single-subunit RNA polymerase gene downstream its DNA metabolism genes instead of in the early genomic region.

Riboprobe

Some bacterial viruses code for their own RNA polymerases, which are highly specific for the viral promoters.

RNA virus

One of these includes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNA replicase), which copies the viral RNA to form a double-stranded replicative form.

Negative-sense viral RNA is complementary to mRNA and thus must be converted to positive-sense RNA by an RNA polymerase before translation.

SMARCAL1

The encoded protein shows sequence similarity to the E. coli RNA polymerase-binding protein HepA.

Stem-loop

The hairpin loop forms in an mRNA strand during transcription and causes the RNA polymerase to become dissociated from the DNA template strand.

Stringent response

(p)ppGpp is thought to bind RNA polymerase and alter the transcriptional profile, decreasing the synthesis of translational machinery (such as rRNA and tRNA), and increasing the transcription of biosynthetic genes.

T7 RNA polymerase

Related family members include phage T3 and SP6 RNA polymerases, but this family is also related to the mitochondrial RNA polymerase.

Totivirus

These open reading frames (ORFs) code for a capsid protein (CP) and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP).

Tryptophan operon leader

The terminator structure is recognised as a termination signal for RNA polymerase and the operon is not transcribed.


Outline of biophysics

Optical tweezers and Magnetic tweezers – allow for the manipulation of single molecules, providing information about DNA and its interaction with proteins and molecular motors, such as Helicase and RNA polymerase.