X-Nico

2 unusual facts about Robert Michels


Lucy Hillebrand

While she was the youngest member of the Werkbund in 1928, Kurt Schwitters introduced her to the Bauhaus architect Robert Michels in Frankfurt.

Robert Michels

Translated as Sexual Ethics: A Study of Borderland Questions (Walter Scott, George Allen & Unwin, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1914); republished with a new introduction by Terry R. Kandal (Transaction Publishers, 2001-2, ISBN 0-7658-0743-2)


New class

In 1911 Robert Michels first proposed the Iron law of oligarchy, which described the development of bureaucratic hierarchies in supposedly egalitarian and democratic socialist parties.


see also