Examples of application layer protocols include the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
It relies on XML Information Set for its message format, and usually relies on other Application Layer protocols, most notably Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), for message negotiation and transmission.
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MHS was a very 'open' system, and this, with Novell's encouragement, made it popular in the early 1990s as a 'glue' between not only the proprietary email systems of the day such as PROFS, SNADS, MCI, 3+Mail, cc:Mail, Para-Mail and Microsoft Mail, but also the competing standards-based SMTP and X.400.
System services demand (including SSH, FTP, ProFTPD, Vsftpd, Pure-FTPd, Telnet, Samba, Fax, CUPS, Fail2ban, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, VirusMail and Spam, and supporting log files from xinetd, Sendmail, Postfix, Dovecot, UW-IMAP, Qpopper, HylaFAX, MailScanner and CommuniGate).