X-Nico

3 unusual facts about Walter Freeman


Embodied cognition

The modeling work of cognitive neuroscientists such as Francisco Varela and Walter Freeman seeks to explain embodied and situated cognition in terms of dynamical systems theory and neurophenomenology, but rejects the idea that the brain uses representations to do so (a position also espoused by Gerhard Werner).

Walter Freeman

Walter Jackson Freeman III, American biologist, theoretical neuroscientist and philosopher

Walter Jackson Freeman II, American physician who performed nearly 3500 lobotomies


History of psychosurgery

The 1940s was the decade when psychosurgery was most popular, largely due to the efforts of American neurologist Walter Freeman; its use has been declining since then.

History of psychosurgery in the United Kingdom

Transorbital leucotomy (transorbital lobotomy in the US) was a technique invented by Italian psychiatrist Amarro Fiamberti and taken up by American neurologist Walter Freeman, with whose name it is particularly associated.


see also

James Watts

James W. Watts, American neurosurgeon and early pioneer of lobotomy; colleague of Walter Freeman