X-Nico

13 unusual facts about reformation


1542 in poetry

June 24 – St. John of the Cross, in Spanish: "San Juan de la Cruz", born "Juan de Yepes Alvarez", (died 1591), Spanish mystic, poet, writer, Carmelite friar and priest, who was a major figure of the Catholic Reformation

Aesch Castle

Jacob Christoph Blarer was also one of the main leaders of the Counter-Reformation in Birseck.

Architecture of Germany

But whereas the Renaissance drew on the wealth and power of the Italian courts, and was a blend of secular and religious forces, the Baroque directly linked to the Counter-Reformation, a movement within the Catholic Church to reform itself in response to the Protestant Reformation.

Biblioteca Ambrosiana

During Cardinal Borromeo's sojourns in Rome, 1585–95 and 1597–1601, he envisioned developing this library in Milan as one open to scholars and that would serve as a bulwark of Catholic scholarship in the service of the Counter-Reformation against the treatises issuing from Protestant presses.

Cecilia Ferrazzi

Cecilia Ferrazzi (1609 – 17 January 1684) was a Counter-Reformation Catholic prototype social worker, whose life was extensively involved with establishment and maintenance of women's houses of refuge in seventeenth century Italy.

Church of the Holy Trinity, Košice

In 1618, at the beginning of the Counter-Reformation and the start of the Thirty Year War, The captain of the city established there a dwelling and a chapel for Jesuits in the Protestant town.

Collegium Hosianum

The Collegium Hosianum was one of the biggest Jesuit schools and one of the most important centres of Counter-Reformation in Europe and was particularly established to educate Catholic clergy of different countries.

Counter-Reformation

The Council upheld salvation appropriated by grace through faith and works of that faith (not just by faith, as the Protestants insisted) because "faith without works is dead", as the Epistle of St. James states (2:22-26).

Paul Koudounaris

A host of similar, previously unknown sites were also included in the book, however, and the text created a context for understanding the construction of these types of elaborate ossuaries as a Catholic phenomenon that was initiated during the Counter-Reformation.

Pazmanitengasse

It was named in 1867 after (the name of students of) the Pázmáneum, the Vienna Catholic seminary, later university, founded in 1623 by Cardinal Péter Pázmány, a protagonist of the Counter-Reformation and the father of modern Hungarian language.

Sant'Alessio

Landi's religious context, in keeping with the Counter-Reformation spirit of Jesuit dramas, marks a new departure in the theatre in Rome, combining antiquarian interests in ancient drama with modern musical conceptions of recitative, ensembles and occasional arias.

Tubrid

It is of particular historical significance as the burial site of many Counter-Reformation ecclesiastics including John Brenan Archbishop of Cashel, Eugene Duhy (O'Duffy) and most notably Geoffrey Keating.

Wisbech Stirs

Peter Burke sees the faultline, traditionally described as "Jesuits and seculars" (for example in Thomas Graves Law, The Conflicts between Jesuits and Seculars in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, 1889) as between Counter-Reformation Catholics and Catholics of a more traditional mould; he takes as example the strife over a hobby horse brought out for Christmas celebrations.


Anna Louisa Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint

Her first romance, Almagro, appeared in 1837, followed by De graaf van Devonshire ("The Earl of Devonshire") in 1838; De Engelschen te Rome ("The English at Rome") in 1840, and Het Huis Lauernesse ("The House of Lauernesse") in 1841, an episode of the Reformation that has been translated into many European languages.

Anna Mary Howitt

This reflected a new-found interest in spiritualism, to which her parents had turned in the early 1850s, as did her book Pioneers of the Spiritual Reformation (1883), which consisted of biographical sketches of the German poet Justinus Kerner and of her father William Howitt, but whose other purpose was to promote spiritualism, mesmerism and similar phenomena.

Arthur Francis Leach

A modern scholar has said that his The Schools of Medieval England published in 1915, the year of his death, "formed the basis for all subsequent work on medieval and Reformation schooling until the publication of Nicholas Orme.s English Schools in the Middle Ages in 1973".

Benjamin Kidd

He sees Christianity as the major factor in the success of the Western world, and the Reformation in particular as the event that brought about a 'softening' of character in the population, with greater sensitivity to the suffering of others as exemplified by Jesus Christ.

Bernt Ivar Eidsvig

Eidsvig is the third Norwegian-born Catholic bishop in Norway since the Reformation, after Olaf Offerdahl (consecrated 6 April 1930, died 7 October the same year) and John Willem Gran (consecrated March 24, 1963, died March 20, 2008).

Bible translations in the Middle Ages

There is no evidence of any official decision to universally disallow translations following the incident at Metz until the Council of Trent, at which time the Reformation threatened the Catholic Church, and the rediscovery of the Greek New Testament presented new problems for translators.

Bishopric of Halberstadt

In 1513 Albert of Hohenzollern, younger brother of Elector Joachim I Nestor of Brandenburg, succeeded him and the Magdeburg archbishops from the House of Hohenzollern remained administrators, while in 1540 the Halberstadt territories became Lutheran during the Reformation.

Bjørn Nørgaard

Marking the 475th anniversary of the Reformation in 2004, Nørgaard created the imposing statue of Hans Tausen, its main protagonist.

Centre for Theology and Public Issues

From December 2009 to January 2010 CTPI co-sponsored a series of six lectures on the influence of John Calvin and the Reformation in Scotland.

Chimere

The rubric containing this direction was added to the Book of Common Prayer in 1662; and there is proof that the development of the chimere into at least a choir vestment was subsequent to the Reformation.

Clan MacLellan

The castle's beginnings lie in the Reformation of 1560 which led to the abandonment of the Convent of Greyfriars which had stood on the site now occupied by the castle since 1449.

Compulsory education

During the Reformation in 1524, Martin Luther advocated compulsory schooling so that all parishioners would be able to read the Bible themselves, and Palatinate-Zweibrücken passed accordant legislation in 1592, followed by Strasbourg—then a free city of the Holy Roman Empire— in 1598.

Confessionalization

Confessionalization is a recent concept employed by Reformation historians to describe the parallel processes of "confession-building" taking place in Europe between the Peace of Augsburg (1555) and the Thirty Years' War (1618-1649).

Family

According to the work of scholars Max Weber, Alan Macfarlane, Steven Ozment, Jack Goody and Peter Laslett, the huge transformation that led to modern marriage in Western democracies was "fueled by the religio-cultural value system provided by elements of Judaism, early Christianity, Roman Catholic canon law and the Protestant Reformation".

George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach

In the hereditary lands Brandenburg-Ansbach in Franconia, where with his older brother Casimir of Brandenburg-Kulmbach he had assumed the regency in place of their father, he encountered greater difficulties, although the popular spirit was inclined toward the Reformation.

Gwendolyn MacEwen

Her two novels – Julian the Magician, dealing with the ambiguous relationship between the hermetic philosophies of the early Renaissance and Christianity; and King of Egypt, King of Dreams, which imaginatively reconstructed the life and religious reformation of Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaton – blend fantasy and history.

Henry Smart

In 1831 he became organist of Blackburn parish church, where he wrote his first important work, a Reformation anthem; then of St Giles-without-Cripplegate; St Luke's, Old Street; and finally of St Pancras New Church, in 1864, which last post he held at the time of his death, less than a month after receiving a government pension of £100 per annum.

Hoskuld Hoskuldsson

Hoskuld Hoskuldsson (1465/1470–c.1537 ) was the 28th and last Roman Catholic Bishop of Stavanger, from 1513 until the Reformation in 1537, and also a member of the Riksråd.

Iwakura Tomomi

He was trained by the kampaku Takatsukasa Masamichi and wrote the opinion for the imperial Court reformation.

Jens Bjelke

In 1611 he received his first fief, Rein Monastery in Rissa, near Trondheim fjord's northern shores, which fell under the crown following the Reformation.

John Chamberlayne

In the preface to a part of this published in 1719 he relates that Fagel assured Bishop Burnet "that it was worth his while to learn Dutch, only for the pleasure of reading Brandt's History of the Reformation".

John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl

He supported the government of the queen dowager, and in 1560 was one of the three nobles who voted in Parliament against the Reformation and the confession of faith, and declared their adherence to Roman Catholicism.

Kang Youwei

His ideas inspired a reformation movement that was supported by the Guangxu Emperor but loathed by Empress Dowager Cixi, about whom, according to Sterling Seagrave he invented many of the stories which stained her reputation.

Karlstadt

Andreas Karlstadt, contemporary of Martin Luther during the Reformation

Kloster Veßra

Vessra Abbey (now an open-air museum) was founded and supported by the Henneberg family and abandoned after the Reformation.

Longniddry

John Knox, main figure in the Scottish Reformation and disciple of John Calvin spent significant time in Longniddry as tutor to the sons of the Douglas family who lived at the west side of the village.

Ľubietová

As one of the most important centers of Protestant Reformation in the country, the town created the Protestant "League of Seven Mining Towns" together with Banská Belá, Banská Bystrica, Banská Štiavnica, Kremnica, Nová Baňa, and Pukanec.

Marischal College

The College was constructed on the site of a medieval Franciscan Friary, disused after the Reformation.

Medzev

The struggle for power continued throughout the Counter-Reformation and eventually resulted in the rebuilding of the monastery under the supervision of Maria Theresia, the Habsburg Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Croatia.

National Astronomical Observatory of China

The reformation of management strucuture imitated to National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) and National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) of USA and National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ).

Peter Heylin

Among his works are a History of the Reformation, and a Life of Archbishop William Laud (Cyprianus Anglicanus) (1668).

Prayer Book Rebellion

Eamon Duffy, The Voices of Morebath: reformation and rebellion in an English village, New Haven, Conn.

Propaganda during the Reformation

Propaganda during the Reformation, helped by the spread of the printing press throughout Europe, and in particular within Germany, caused new ideas, thoughts, and doctrine to be made available to the public in ways that had never been seen before the sixteenth century.

Reformation in Denmark–Norway and Holstein

The Lutheran order established during the Protestant reformation is the common root of the Church of Denmark, the Church of Norway, the Church of Iceland and the Church of the Faroe Islands.

Religion in Sweden

During the era following the Reformation, usually known as the period of Lutheran Orthodoxy, small groups of non-Lutherans, especially Calvinist Dutchmen, the Moravian Church and Walloons or French Huguenots from Belgium, played a significant role in trade and industry, and were quietly tolerated as long as they kept a low religious profile.

Riccarton, Ayrshire

A pre-reformation Riccarton parish church stood in the centre of the old burial ground; first noted, as a chapel, in 1229, sub-ordinate to the church of Dundonald.

Richard Raiswell

Shell Games: Studies in Frauds, Scams and Deceit in Early Modern Culture, 1300-1650 with Mark Crane and Margaret Reeves (Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2004) and The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe (Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2012) with Peter Dendle (Penn State Mont Alto).

Rod Rosenbladt

On the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday he was honored with a Festschrift, Theologia et Apologia: Essays in Reformation Theology and its Defense Presented to Rod Rosenbladt (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2007).

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tuam

The pre-Reformation diocese at various moments absorbed other local episcopal sees deriving from Celtic monastic jurisdictions.

Russ North

After the demise of Monza, North was in the process of putting his next band together when he was asked to join Tredegar, (pronounced tradeegar) Tredegar was a band from the South Wales village of the same name, and was largely a reformation of the legendary Welsh rock band Budgie.

Saint Fidelis

Fidelis of Sigmaringen (1577 – 1622), Capuchin friar martyred in the Counter-Reformation

St. Kevin's Church, Camden Row, Dublin

After the Reformation the parish of St. Kevin was administered by the Church of Ireland; it stretched as far south as present-day Rathmines and Harold's Cross.

Stir-up Sunday

Thus, in many Episcopal Churches, the Third Sunday of Advent, also known as Gaudete (rejoice) Sunday, is referred to as "stir-up Sunday." Marion J. Hatchett in his definitive work Commentary on the American Prayer Book, notes that in the Pre-Reformation English Sarum Rite, collects for four of the last five Sundays before Christmas began with the word excita or "stir up."

The Amazing Grace

The film, occasionally narrated by Joke Silva, tells the reformation story of British slave trader John Newton (Nick Moran), sailing to what is now Nigeria to buy slaves but, increasingly shocked by the brutality of slavery, later gave up the trade and became an Anglican priest.

The Headsman

Set in early 16th century Tyrol, it is set before the background of the turmoils of the Lutheran Reformation.

The Howff

David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford (c.1360-1407), interred in the now destroyed pre-reformation Greyfriars kirk.

Welcome to the Dance

The band's second post-reunion effort following their reformation as a quartet in 2007, it was written, produced and recorded in Berlin, Los Angeles, and New York between the years of 2008 and 2009, featuring production by Nasri, Hakim Bell, Bill Blast, Adam Messinger, and Aaron Pearce, among others.

Wilhelm Reublin

In the Fall of 1522 Reublin was expelled from the city for his Reformation sermons and moved to Witikon in 1524, where he became the local pastor and preached against infant baptism.

Wollaton Antiphonal

The manuscript was in use at St. Leonard's Church, Wollaton from the 1460s, until Catholic Latin service books were banned in the Reformation in the 1540s.