The village lies four miles north-west of Carlisle on the banks of the River Eden.
Cargo is a small village near the river Eden on the Solway Plain.
Coupland Beck is a minor river that flow into the river Eden south of Coupland.
The village is believed to have been connected at one time by a bridge over the River Eden to Little Salkeld.
'Langwathby' can be translated as 'long' ('lang'), 'ford' ('wath', Old Norse 'vað'), 'village' (Old English 'bȳ', Old Norse 'býr'), referring to the fording of the River Eden which runs along the edge of the village.
The village is situated on the course of a vallum associated with Hadrian's Wall and is near the narrowest point of the River Eden, the site was a crossing point for Roman troops, Scottish border raiders, and cattle drovers.
It flows from Burnside, near the border with Perth & Kinross, then slowly across the Howe of Fife (until drained in the 18th and 19th centuries a flat and waterlogged basin) and through the market town of Cupar to Guardbridge, where it enters the North Sea via the Eden Estuary, an important conservation area for wading birds and a nature reserve.
Woodcock Forge is believed to have been built by Jack Dancy of Turners Hill.
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The 1868 ordnance survey map identifies the site of this pre-conquest mill from the position of its sluice.
Smardalegill is a small steep sided valley connecting Smardale and the valley of the River Eden with the eastern end of the valley of the River Lune, Scandal beck runs north-northeast through it, as does the former Stainmore Railway.
It is about two miles away from the city centre of Carlisle and is near the River Eden.
Waitby Beck rises from springs to the north east of the Waitby, joining Sandwith Sike which flows into the River Eden.
Wetheral stands high on a bank overlooking a gorge in the River Eden.
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It is held every year in early June and has taken place since the reign of James II, who granted a Royal charter in 1685 allowing a horse fair "near to the River Eden".
The three adjoining fells form an escarpment that rises steeply above the Eden Valley on its south western side and drops off more gently on its north eastern side towards the South Tyne and Tees Valleys.
It stands in an atmospheric spot above a bend in the river Eden, overlooked by Wild Boar Fell to the south-west and Mallerstang Edge to the east.