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However, the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (CCA) is an act of the Parliament of Australia, so section 51 of the Australian Constitution (which sets out the division of powers between the federal and state parliaments) restricts the application.
The vertical fiscal imbalance, alongside section 96 of the Australian Constitution has effectively extended the Commonwealth's powers beyond those enumerated in section 51 of the Australian Constitution and other explicit enumerations of Commonwealth legislative power (e.g. Section 52 and Section 90).