Operating out of a mountain complex centered on Monte Sole, just Southeast of the town of Marzabotto, and sitting astride communications to Bologna, the Red Star was seen as a significant threat to the German rear, both in terms of cutting communications and obstructing a possible route of retreat.
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A Kampfgruppe of the 16th Training and Replacement Battalion was based in Arnhem and took part in Operation Market Garden.
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In late summer 1944, a part of this division, SS-Panzer-Aufklärungsabteilung 16 (Reconnaissance Battalion 16), commanded by Major Walter Reder, was withdrawn from engagement with the American 5th Army then advancing on the Gothic Line to deal with an Italian Communist guerrilla unit, the Red Star Brigade (Brigata Stella Rossa).
16th United States Congress | 101st Airborne Division | Football League First Division | NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship | Football League Second Division | Joy Division | 82nd Airborne Division | Texas Ranger Division | Cypriot First Division | Hong Kong First Division League | Football League Third Division | division | Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick | Division (military) | USL Second Division | Third Division | The Division | Sylhet Division | United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division | Argentine Primera División | 2010 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament | NCAA Division I Baseball Championship | Faculty (division) | 2013–14 NCAA Division I men's basketball season | Riding (division) | Reichsführer-SS | Panzergrenadier | Kumaon division | Belgian Second Division | 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season |
Gerhard Sommer (born 24 June 1921) is a former SS-Untersturmführer (Second Lieutenant) in the 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS who was involved in the massacre of 560 civilians on 12 August 1944 in the Italian village of Sant'Anna di Stazzema.