In Blois, France, in 1171, many Jews—reportedly 34 men and 17 women—were burned at the stake for refusing to renounce their faith.
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In the 16th century the kabbalist Hayim Vital, recording the opinions of Isaac Luria, ruled that both paragraphs should be included in all services, and should end with the verse "on that day the Lord shall be one and His Name one".