Anopheles mosquito was also introduced in Campidano by the Romans, and infested the area with malaria for two millennias until the 20th century reclamation.
It is known to produce a lectin that has the ability to block the development of Plasmodium, the causal agent of malaria, when it is expressed in genetically modified Anopheles mosquitoes.
In certain regions of Africa, many women often lack access to malaria treatment as well as access to resources that could protect them against Anopheles mosquitoes during pregnancy.
The small rivulets created marshes, which attracted Anopheles mosquitoes that spread malaria.
Some species also are of great practical significance; for example, immature stages of some mosquitoes, such as some Anopheles and Aedes species that are important disease vectors, develop in phytotelmata.
However, this disease can also be transmitted by species of mosquitoes including Culex, Anopheles and Aedes, and species of ticks such as Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus.
The genus Anopheles has been subdivided into seven subgenera - Anopheles, Baimaia, Cellia, Kerteszia,Lophopodomyia, Nyssorhynchus and Stethomyia - based primarily on the number and positions of specialized setae on the gonocoxites of the male genitalia.
tenuis is introduced to the definitive host (either a raccoon or, as in some rare cases, a human) as a larva when the vector, most commonly an Aedes or Anopheles mosquito, takes a blood meal and the parasite enters the host through the bite wound.
Next, the microfilariae are transferred into a vector; the most common mosquito vector species are within the genera Culex, Anopheles, Mansonia, and Aedes.