Amerindian peoples of the pampas, such as the Puelche and Tehuelche, adopted the Mapudungun language as their main language (both of their names are in Mapudungun).
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In 1872 Cufulcurá and his 6,000 followers went across the pampas to attack the cities of General Alvear, Veinticinco de Mayo and Nueve de Julio, resulting in the deaths of 300 settlers and the loss of 200,000 head of cattle, which the Mapuche drove back to Chile.
Patagonia | Patagonia, Arizona | Patagonia (clothing) | Patagonia rebelde | Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia | In Patagonia | Banco Patagonia | Some strike leaders like "the Gaucho" Cuello, Facón Grande and Schultz, "the German", depicted in the 1974 film ''Rebellion in Patagonia |