The topographical feature was first discovered in 1841 by Captain James Clark Ross, Royal Navy, who named it for the Right Honorable Archibald Primrose, Lord Dalmeny, then a junior lord of the Admiralty.
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His eldest son, the second Baron, served as Under-Secretary of State for War in 1895 in the Liberal administration of Lord Rosebery.
The hotel, named after the Duke of Portland, on whose estate much of the railway ran, was officially opened Christmas 1899 by the Earl of Rosebery Archibald Primrose.
The most notable earl was Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, who served as Prime Minister from 1894 to 1895.
Launched with the help of Liberal publisher George Newnes and employing the core of the old political staff from the Pall Mall Gazette, the paper quickly established itself in the front rank of Liberal publications, earning the respect and admiration of the Liberal prime minister Lord Rosebery.
The Liberal Imperialists were a grouping within the British Liberal Party, the most prominent of whom were R. B. Haldane, H. H. Asquith, Sir Edward Grey and Lord Rosebery.
The tournament was organised by and named for an early patron of Scottish football Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery and received continued support from his son, Harry Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery, after Archibald's death in 1929.
Originally shown at Hamilton Palace, it was sold to Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery in 1882, from whom it was bought by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation in 1954, which deposited it in Washington DC's National Gallery of Art, where it now hangs.
It was won by the Conservatives led by Lord Salisbury who formed an alliance with the Liberal Unionist Party and had a large majority over the Liberals, led by Lord Rosebery.