The following year, the NIB launched its first major campaign in opposition to the 1969 White Paper, in which the Minister of Indian Affairs, Jean Chrétien, proposed the abolition of the Indian Act, the rejection of land claims, and the assimilation of First Nations people into the Canadian population with the status of other ethnic minorities rather than a distinct group.
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The Assembly of First Nations (AFN) which emerged from and replaced the Canadian National Indian Brotherhood is an assembly of First Nations represented by their chiefs.
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On August 28, 1992, the agreement known as the "Charlottetown Accord" was reached after intensive negotiations between federal, provincial and territorial governments, and representatives from the Assembly of First Nations, the Native Council of Canada, the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada and the Métis National Council in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
She was a candidate for the leadership of the Assembly of First Nations at their 2003 leadership convention, losing to Phil Fontaine but finishing ahead of incumbent chief Matthew Coon Come.
The Seabird Island Band is governed by one Chief and an eight-person Council that share the responsibility of representing Seabird Island Band at all government levels as well as to other groups, ensuring a strong united voice for the Seabird Island Band locally, provincially and nationally, with specific emphasis and involvement with Stó:lō Tribal Council, First Nation Summit and the Assembly of First Nations.
Assembly of First Nations National Chief Shawn A-in-chut Atleo said: "He was a truly unique and exceptional man who dedicated his life to building bridges between people of all nations and all generations. His wisdom, his dedication to his people and his example were an inspiration to leaders not only of my generation but across many generations of First Nations".
In October/November 2005, the II Indigenous Summit of the Americas was held in Buenos Aires and Mendoza, with the assistance of the government of Canada and organizational support from the Assembly of First Nations in Canada.
He also co-chaired the Assembly of First Nations Delgamuukw Implementation Strategic Committee (DISC) that was mandated to develop a national strategy to compel the federal government to respect the historic Supreme Court decision on Aboriginal title and rights.