In 64 BC, he sided with the Romans helping Pompey's legate Lucius Afranius when the latter occupied northern Mesopotamia, but it is alleged that he helped to betray Marcus Crassus by leading him out onto an open plain, resulting in 53 BC in the Battle of Carrhae, which destroyed an entire Roman army.
In Roman times, Harran was known as Carrhae, and was the location of the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BCE, in which the Parthians, commanded by general Surena, defeated a large Roman army under the command of Crassus, who was killed.
Crassus's war against Parthia resulted in one of the worse defeats ever suffered by a Roman army, the Battle of Carrhae.
In some ways, the position of Rostam in the historical tradition is parallel to that of Surena, the hero of the Battle of Carrhae.
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