In addition, after conquering Kyushu, Ishida Mitsunari, a samurai who later led the Western army in the Battle of Sekigahara, had Shimazu Yoshihisa, a territorial lord of Satsuma province, examine the amount of wood in Yakushima and around 1590.
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His son, Kōriki Tadafusa (1583-1655) distinguished himself in combat during the Battle of Sekigahara and the Siege of Osaka and was transferred to Hamamatsu Domain (35,000 koku) in Tōtōmi Province in 1619.
His son, Ōmura Yoshiaki (1568–1615) sided with Tokugawa Ieyasu at the Battle of Sekigahara, but was forced to give up his domains to his son, Ōmura Sumiyori (d. 1619).
The province was gifted to the family in 1600 after Yamauchi Kazutoyo led troops under Tokugawa Ieyasu at the Battle of Sekigahara.
The name "Hidden" for the secretly held religious system of belief probably comes from the title that Christians once held in feudal Japan, "Kakure Kirishitan," literally "Hidden Christians." First Catholics and soon Protestants as well were persecuted by the Tokugawa family after the battle of Sekigahara in 1600.