A relationship with Caryophyllales, was formerly suggested; but morphology (S-plastids) and chemistry are close to Geraniales.
Betalain pigments occur only in the Caryophyllales and some Basidiomycota (mushrooms).
Carnivory in plants appears to have evolved independently in four major angiosperm lineages and five orders: Poales, Caryophyllales, Oxalidales, Ericales, and Lamiales.