In addition, some ER may associate with cell membranes by attachment to caveolin-1 and form complexes with G proteins, striatin, receptor tyrosine kinases (e.g., EGFR and IGF-1), and non-receptor tyrosine kinases (e.g., Src).
RhoC GTPase is overexpressed, possibly related to overexpression (hypomethylation) of caveolin-1 and -2.