The village is best known for the border railway station, Gare de Cerbère, on the French side of the border on the railway line between Perpignan and Barcelona.
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The derivation of the name has certainly nothing to do with the dog Cerberus, (Cerbère in French), guardian of Hell in Greek mythology, even if Cape Cerbère could appear as a guard post at the entry to Spain.
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Given the antiquity of the name, it must be assumed to be a pre-Latin name, and to come from the pre-Indo-European root kar or ker (rock) followed by the Ibero-Basque root -erri (place).
Naberius, a demon with several alternative spellings, including Cerberus, Cerbere
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Cerbère, a small town in Southern France on the border to Spain