In 1059 the papal-decree of Pope Nicholas II established new rules for the Papal election, therefore putting an end to the noble-papacy formula.
Counts of Celje | Tusculum | Ptolemy II of Tusculum | Counts of Ortenburg | Counts of Eu | Cabinet of Three Counts | Ptolemy I of Tusculum | Jonathan of Tusculum | Counts of Vianden | Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein | counts of Celje | Counts of Andechs | Counts and Dukes of Rethel | Counts and dukes of Rethel | Counts and Dukes of Nevers | Counts and Dukes of Guelders | Counts and Dukes of Alençon | Count of Tusculum |
The Counts of Tusculum were centered at Tuscolo, above Frascati, protected by an ancient fortress in Borghetto; their principle monasteries were Grottaferrata and Subiaco; they also controlled many churches and religious houses in and around Rome.