There are many specifications for ATF, such as the DEXRON and MERCON series, and the vehicle manufacturer will identify the ATF specification appropriate for each vehicle.
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Some ATF specifications are open to competing brands, such as the common DEXRON specification, where different manufacturers use different chemicals to meet the same performance specification.
The original Dexron fluid, like its predecessor Type-A/Suffix-A, used sperm whale oil as a friction modifier.
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GM has upgraded the Dexron specifications over the years; newer fluids are generally but not always backward compatible with previous fluids.
DEXRON |