Famous examples of early academic blackboard systems are the Hearsay II speech recognition system and Douglas Hofstadter's Copycat and Numbo projects.
As defined by Douglas Hofstadter, ambigrams are words or symbols that convey the same or different meaning when viewed in a different orientation.
Douglas MacArthur | Douglas | Douglas DC-3 | Douglas Adams | Michael Douglas | Douglas Fairbanks | Douglas Bader | McDonnell Douglas | Kirk Douglas | William O. Douglas | Alec Douglas-Home | Douglas C-47 Skytrain | Lord Alfred Douglas | Douglas Mawson | Douglas Aircraft Company | Douglas Niles | Douglas, Isle of Man | Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig | Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. | Douglas DC-6 | Douglas Hofstadter | Paul Douglas | Douglas Hurd | Douglas County | Mike Douglas | Jerry Douglas | Douglas fir | Douglas Coupland | Tommy Douglas | Roger Douglas |
In Douglas Hofstadter's book Metamagical Themas, the sequence is credited to J. K. Aronson of Oxford, England; it is based on the observation that ordinal numbers in the English language always end in "th".
He was one of the team responsible for translating Douglas Hofstadter's book Metamagical Themas into French, the others being Jean-Luc Bonnetain and Lise Rosenbaum.
In recent years the magazine has published nonfiction by Margaret Atwood, Carol Gilligan, Douglas Hofstadter, Maxine Hong Kingston, Toni Morrison, Joyce Carol Oates, Amos Oz, Richard Rorty, John Updike, and William Julius Wilson and fiction by Eileen Pollack, Peter Orner and Jacob Appel.
It was developed by John Rehling and Douglas Hofstadter at the Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition at Indiana University, Bloomington.
In the acknowledgments, Rajaniemi cites the influence of "Andy Clark, Douglas Hofstadter, Maurice Leblanc, Jan Potocki and ... The Arabian Nights."
Victim of the Brain is a 1988 film by Dutch director Piet Hoenderdos, loosely based on The Mind's I, a compilation of texts and stories on the philosophy of mind and self, co-edited by Douglas Hofstadter and Daniel C. Dennett.
In the novel, the idea that the mind is a self-loop may have been influenced by the theories of the Professor of Philosophy, Andy Clark, and the book I Am a Strange Loop by Douglas Hofstadter.