The principal settlements are Governor's Harbour (the administrative capital), Rock Sound, Tarpum Bay, Harbour Island with its unusual pink sandy beaches and Spanish Wells.
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Airports with regularly scheduled flights are available at North Eleuthera, Governor's Harbour and Rock Sound.
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While offshore Harbour Island and Spanish Wells offer unique experiences, the main island is a destination for those interested in history and nature.
In 1948, the 300th anniversary of the settlement of Eleuthera was commemorated with a set of 16 pictorials (somewhat belated in a way, since most of the Empire's colonies had extensive pictorial sets issued for them in 1938).
Many settler families moved from New Providence to Eleuthera or Abaco to escape harassment from the pirates.
Richard M. Langworth CBE (born 1941- ) is a Moultonborough, New Hampshire- and Eleuthera, Bahamas-based author of books and magazine articles, specializing in automotive history and Winston S. Churchill.
On the voyage to the Bahamas, a Captain Butler, one of the settlers from England, rebelled against the Articles and caused such trouble in the new settlement that William Sayle left the original settlement in north Eleuthera for the nearby island of St. George's Cay, now known as Spanish Wells.