Fausto Bertinotti had kept the party in alliance with The Olive Tree coalition for two years, but was leaving because of disagreement over social policy.
Fausto Sozzini | Fausto Romitelli | Fausto Cercignani | Fausto Trávez Trávez | Fausto Brizzi | Fausto Bertinotti | Fausto Silva | Fausto Elhuyar | Fausto Coppi | Fausto Amodei | Fausto Zevi | Fausto Veranzio | Fausto Mata | Fausto Leali | Fausto Cercignani's | Anne Fausto-Sterling |
The primaries are held 16 October 2005 with seven candidates: Scalfarotto placed sixth, collecting 26,912 votes (0.6% of the vote), behind Romano Prodi, who received the investiture of the candidate for Prime Minister of the coalition, Fausto Bertinotti, Clemente Mastella, Antonio Di Pietro and Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio.
In 1998, however, broke away from the party of Fausto Bertinotti, as opposed to the distrust that the PRC gave to Romano Prodi and joined the Party of Italian Communists.