The hills are inhabited by two tribal peoples, the Baigas and the Gonds.
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The valley is mainly home to members of the Bharia and Gond tribes, with 2,000 residents scattered between various villages and hamlets.
In 1911 Census of India, E.A. Gait mentions polyandry of the Tibetans, Bhotias, Kanets of Kulu valley, people of state of Bashahr, Thakkars and Megs of Kashmir, Gonds of Central Provinces, Todas and Kurumbas of Nilgiris, Tolkolans of Malabar, Ishavans, Kaniyans and Kammalans of Cochin, Muduvas of Travancore and of Nairs.
Sangram Shah, who belongs to the Raj Gond dynasty in central India, during is reign had established 52 Medieval fortifications called Garh in Assamese language, to strengthen and defend the Gond Empire.
Sarni is located in an area that is known as a part of the Gondwana tract after the Gond tribe, who chiefly inhabited in this area and practiced shifting cultivation.