Fossils of the giant Beelzebufo from Cretaceous Madagascar suggest that the subfamily may have once ranged throughout the prehistoric supercontinent of Gondwana.
Sarni is located in an area that is known as a part of the Gondwana tract after the Gond tribe, who chiefly inhabited in this area and practiced shifting cultivation.
Gondwana |
During the break-up of Gondwana in the Jurassic, this area was affected by rifting with a roughly west-east trend.
The original paleogeographic position of the continental blocks is debated, but some studies suggest a Gondwana affinity of many allochthonous terranes (Dobretsov et al., 2003; Dobretsov & Buslov, 2007), whereas others infer a Siberian or Tarim origin for the same blocks (Kuzmichev, 2001; Rojas-Agramonte et al., 2010).
Some of the acts performing in the 2007 edition included Andrew Tosh, Gondwana, Ratos de Porao, Hereford, Babasónicos, Attaque 77, Las Pelotas, Rata Blanca, Kapanga, Intoxicados, Las Pastillas del Abuelo, Callejeros, Carajo, Almafuerte, La 25, Los Pericos and others.
The absence of the Great Escarpment for about 450 km (280 miles) to the north of Tzaneen (to reappear on the border between Zimbabwe and Mozambique in the Chimanimani Highlands), is due to a failed westerly branch of the main rift that caused Antarctica to start drifting away from Southern Africa during the break up of Gondwana about 150 million years ago.
A Eucalyptus fossil found at Ghughua is the oldest fossil of its type ever discovered and this find supports its origins from Gondwana.
The Iberian plate came into existence during the Cadomian Orogeny of the late Neoproterozoic, about 650-550 Ma, on the margin of the Gondwana continent, involving the collisions and accretion of the island arcs of the Central Iberian Plate, Ossa-Morena Plate, South Portuguese Plate.
In the time of Joan Wiffen's theropod, the continent Tasmantis had split off from Gondwana, meaning that this theropod dinosaur must have been unique to NZ, which scientists believe was much closer to the South Pole.
Schuster (1984) proposed that the disjunct distribution of Ptilidium ciliare between the northern and southern hemispheres could be explained by migration of the Indian Plate from Gondwana.
Rheic Ocean, a Paleozoic ocean between the large continent Gondwana to the south and the microcontinents Avalonia and others
Much as in Australia today, East Gondwana played host to many endemic animals, which included many relict species of families that had gone extinct in the rest of the Cretaceous world, among them giant Amphibian labyrinthodonts, such as Koolasuchus.
By the Early Cambrian 514 million years ago, Laurenta was located on the equator, Baltica was south of Laurenta, Siberia was just south of the equator east of Laurenta, and Gondwana lied mostly in the Southern Hemisphere.
UA 8699 lacks a cingulid (ridge) resembling a shelf on the lingual (inner) side, indicating that is not a member of Australosphenida (the proposed clade uniting monotremes and some ancient Gondwanan mammals, including the Jurassic Madagascan Ambondro); thus, it can be identified as representing Boreosphenida, which includes marsupials, placentals, and their extinct relatives.
Gondwana coals occur in valleys of rivers such as Damodar, Mahanadi, Godavari and Wardha.