Several modern scholars (Schürer, Kautzsch, and others) have agreed to this view, which had already been adopted in part by Georg Heinrich August von Ewald (Geschichte des Volkes Israel, iv. 401).
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The piety attributed to Ḥasidim in the Talmudic sources is not in any way abnormal or suggestive of sect (Lehmann, in R. E. J. xxx. 182 et seq.).
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Emil Schürer, Geschichte des jüdischen Volkes im Zeitalter Jesu Christi (1890) 190, 203, 217; ii.