X-Nico

unusual facts about Head of State


Presidential Food Service

Additionally, they provide gourmet meals and support catered functions and Social Aide Dinners for visiting heads of state.


Constitution of Somalia

Somalia's Constitution provides for a parliamentarian system of government, with the President of Somalia as head of state and a selected Prime Minister as head of government.

Constitution of Tanzania

This defined a Governor General, representative of the Queen of Tanganyika, Elizabeth II, to be the formal head of state, while the executive was led by the First Minister or the Prime Minister, chosen from the majority party.

Convention on the Future of Europe

Its members were drawn from the national parliaments of member states and candidate countries, the European Parliament, the European Commission, and representatives of heads of state and government.

Gordon Ackerman

Arrested by the East German secret police, the Stasi, Ackerman was released after convincing the police that he was a close friend of East German chief of state Erich Honecker.

Government Houses of the British Empire and Commonwealth

Government House is a residence for a governor; so now many Commonwealth nations without the British monarch as Head of State name their presidential palaces State House or President's House.

Mifta al-Usta Umar

In this role, he was officially Libya's head of state, though Muammar Gaddafi continued to exercise ultimate authority in Libya as "Leader and Guide of the Revolution".

Politics of Burma

The former Head of state was Senior General Than Shwe who held the title of "Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council."

Politics of Kenya

The Politics of Kenya take place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Kenya is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system in accordance with a new constitution passed in 2010.

Politics of Poland

The politics of Poland take place in the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government of a multi-party system and the President is the head of state.

The president, as the head of state, is the supreme commander of the Armed Forces and has the power to veto legislation passed by parliament, but otherwise has a mostly representative role.

Politics of Uruguay

The president, who is both the head of state and the head of government, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term, with the vice president elected on the same ticket.

The Politics of Uruguay abide by a presidential representative democratic republic, under which the President of Uruguay is both the head of state and the head of government, as well as a multiform party system.

Prime Minister of Zimbabwe

This position was abolished when the constitution was amended in 1987 and Mugabe became President of Zimbabwe, both the head of state and the head of government.

Sikhanyiso Ndlovu

Responding to Merkel's criticism of human rights abuses in Zimbabwe, Ndlovu told her to "shut up or ship out," saying Germany needed a head of state like Otto von Bismarck.

South African republic referendum, 1960

When the Republic of South Africa was declared on 31 May 1961, Queen Elizabeth II ceased to be head of state, and the last Governor General of the Union, Charles R. Swart, took office as the first State President.

Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army

From 1972 to 1991, Kim Il-sung served as KPA Supreme Commander concurrently to being DPRK President (i.e. head of state).

United States federal executive departments

Federal executive departments are analogous to ministries common in parliamentary or semi-presidential systems but, with the United States being a presidential system, their heads otherwise equivalent to ministers, do not form a government (in a parliamentary sense) nor are they led by a head of government separate from the head of state.

Yang Hyong-sop

He was elected Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly in 1983, after having been a vice-chairman since 1962; in this capacity, he assumed the functions of de facto head of State after Kim Il-sung's death in 1994, as the post of President of the DPRK was never re-assigned; he was however under the actual leadership of the new leader Kim Jong-il.


see also

1993 in Nigeria

Ernest Shonekan assumes the reins of power as the Interim Head of State.

2013 in politics

Pope Benedict XVI announces his resignation as head of state of the Vatican City State, effective on the 28th.

Accra Comprehensive Peace Agreement

Former Nigerian Head of State General Abdulsalami Abubakar facilitated the negotiations that led to the agreement.

Africa Service Medal

It was instituted by King George VI, in his capacity as South African head of state, on 23 December 1943, and was awarded in addition to the British stars and medals issued for the war.

Air Astana

Originally conceived as purely domestic airline, BAE Systems agreed in mid-2001 to participate in the proposed start-up at the request of Kazakhstan's head of state, President Nursultan Nazarbayev, in order to facilitate an air radar contract it was then negotiating with the Government of Kazakhstan.

An Stad

In 1938, a dissident Irish Republican Army (IRA) group, in an attempt to force the Irish Government to fight for full Irish independence (the 1921 treaty established only a "Free State", retaining the King of the United Kingdom as head of state and keeping Ireland within the British Commonwealth), attempted unsuccessfully to destroy Nelson's Pillar on O'Connell Street in Dublin, less than a mile from An Stad, which they saw as a symbol of continued British sovereignty in Ireland.

Antoine Pinay

Having died at age of 102, he is the third longest lived national head of government or head of state in history, behind only Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum and Celâl Bayar.

Banner of Poland

Officially abandoned in 1955, the banner continued to be used in practice by the prime minister and, during the 1960s, by the Council of State, a collective head of state of the time.

Berik Imashev

From 1994 to 1997 he worked as Deputy Chairman of “Kazkommertsbank”, Deputy Head of State Property Management Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Head of Tax Police Board – Deputy Head of Tax Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Canadian cultural protectionism

The report also looked at Canadian children's general knowledge of their government and most could not identify the Canadian head of state (Queen Elizabeth II) and the basis for Canada's law and founding (the British North America Act 1867).

Celâl Bayar

He is the knowingly longest lived former head of state and was until 2008 the longest-lived state leader (when he was surpassed in 2008 by Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum).

Clann na Poblachta

As Minister for External Affairs, and a strong republican, MacBride was seen as instrumental in the repeal of the External Relations Act 1936, under which King George VI, proclaimed King of Ireland in December 1936, fulfilled the diplomatic functions of a head of state.

Cortes Españolas

The Spanish Cortes were not intended as the repository of national sovereignty, since the whole sovereign power was concentrated in the head of state (Caudillo), in the absence of separation of powers.

County of Urgell

The bishop of Urgell, who since 2003 has been Joan Enric Vives Sicília is simultaneously joint head of state of Andorra alongside with the President of the French Republic.

Egon Krenz

He succeeded Erich Honecker as leader of the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and head of state in October 1989, but was ousted just under three months later amid the collapse of the communist regime.

Fahri Korutürk

After his retirement in 1960 from the post of Commander of the Turkish Navy, Korutürk was appointed by the Head of State Cemal Gürsel as Turkish ambassador to the Soviet Union (1960-1964) and later to Spain (1964-1965).

Faustina Acheampong

She was the spouse of General Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, Chairman of the National Redemption Council and Supreme Military Council and Head of state of Ghana from 1972 to 1978.

Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia

In January 2006, King Abdullah was the first ever Saudi head of State to visit China.

Freedom of religion in France

Similar controversial security measures have been implemented for the visit of former US president George W. Bush, another foreign head of state controversial in France.

Géza Hofi

Even though he was critical about the government, and even parodied the head-of-state of the time, János Kádár, the latter is said to have appreciated and understood Hofi's performances to a certain extent.

Ghanaian presidential election, 1960

After winning the election, and the passing of the new constitution in the simultaneous referendum, Nkrumah was inaugurated on 1 July 1960, replacing Governor-General William Hare as head of state.

Goodall Edward Gondwe

Upon graduation, he received a number of appointments to national and international financial institutions, including: General Manager of the Reserve Bank of Malawi; Senior Vice President and Acting President of the African Development Bank; Senior Advisor, Director for Africa and Special advisor to the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund; and Chief Economic Advisor to the former Head of State, Bakili Muluzi.

Government of Finland

Some matters are decided by the President of Finland, the Head of State, in plenary meetings with the Council of State, echoing the constitutional history of a privy council.

Gung Ye

At the time, the monarch of Silla was Queen Jinseong, who was the third and the last female head of state in Korean history (the other two being: Queen Seondeok of Silla and Jindeok of Silla).

Henry Kinney

In February 1856, Walker--now head of state--annexed all of the Mosquito Coast, including Kinney's domain, for Nicaragua.

Japanese occupation of Burma

Ba Maw was afterwards declared head of state, and his cabinet included both Aung San as War Minister and the Communist leader Thakin Than Tun as Minister of Land and Agriculture as well as the Socialist leaders Thakins Nu and Mya.

Jonas Žemaitis

Jonas Žemaitis (also known under his codename Vytautas; March 15, 1909 in Palanga – November 26, 1954 in Moscow) was one of the leaders of armed resistance against the Soviet occupation in Lithuania and acknowledged as the Head of State of contemporary occupied Lithuania.

José Antonio Salcedo

On October 15, 1864, Head of State Salcedo sent word to his wife (who lived in Guayubín) with a young soldier who was nearly in his mid-twenties named Ulises Heureaux, he was later murdered on the same day by Gaspar Polanco, also a general at the time.

Juan Ángel Arias

When the general Francisco Morazán arrives to take possession as the Head of State, December 4, 1829, the people of the Olancho Department and Opoteca were in revolt against the central government of the Federal Republic of Central America.

Kapodistrias

Ioannis Kapodistrias, Greek diplomat and Foreign Minister of the Russian Empire and later the first head of state of independent Greece

Nero Decree

Shortly afterwards, on May 7, 1945, General Alfred Jodl signed the German military surrender, and on May 23 Speer was arrested on the orders of U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower, together with the rest of the provisional German government led by Admiral Karl Dönitz, Hitler's successor as head of state.

Peter Odili

In September 2010 it was reported that former military head of state Ibrahim Babangida, who planned to be a candidate for president in the 2011 election, was in discussions with Odili over being his running mate as vice-presidential candidate.

Polish government-in-exile

It formed a Council of National Unity in July 1954, and set up a Council of Three to exercise the functions of head of state, comprising Tomasz Arciszewski, General Władysław Anders, and Edward Raczyński.

President of China

President of the People's Republic of China (head of state of the People's Republic of China under the 1982 constitution)

Prime Minister of Spain

This sometimes causes confusion since it is the usual term for the head of state in a republic; former governor of Florida Jeb Bush once mistakenly referred to incumbent José María Aznar as the "President of the Republic of Spain".

Rais Lebled

Rais Lebled (Head of State) is a political rap song, released in December 2010 by Tunisian rapper El Général, which has been referred to internationally as the "anthem of the Jasmine Revolution".

Remi Fani-Kayode

After Lt. Col. Yakubu Gowon became Nigeria's Head of State, Remilekun Fani-Kayode left Nigeria with his whole family and moved to the seaside resort town of Brighton in south eastern England.

Rob Hamill

Hamill is a supporter of New Zealand becoming a republic, endorsing Member of Parliament Keith Locke's Head of State Referenda Bill, a private member's bill.

Sadok Chaabane

He told many of his academic friends who were political scientists and economists that Zine Al Abidine Ben Ali has now become the man of the moment, and that he would in due course become the head of state, which happened one year later.

Sambo Dasuki

Dasuki was former Aide-de-camp (ADC) to Nigeria's former military head of state, General Ibrahim Babangida.

State Governors in the Nigerian Third Republic

However, Abiola's election was annulled and after some confusion General Sani Abacha became head of state in November 1993, replacing the civilian governors with military administrators.

Sule Ahman

During the military coup of 27 August 1985, when General Ibrahim Babangida became head of state, Major Sule Ahman lent support in his position in Supply and Transport in the Ikeja Cantonment.

Sunday Ifere

As a lieutenant, in the unsuccessful Nigerian Counter-Coup of 1966 he was involved in fighting in Kaduna, serving in the same squadron as Ibrahim Babangida, who later became military head of state from August 1985 until August 1993.

The Resurrection of Hungary

Instead it was split between republicans (those associated with the Easter Rising in 1916 and who had subsequently joined Sinn Féin) who advocated the creation of a new republic with an elected head of state, and those who advocated the creation of an Irish monarchy, albeit now with a monarch chosen from any royal house but the House of Windsor.

Them Mushrooms

In 2009 bandleader John Katana was among four pioneering Kenyan artists given Head of State Commendation awards by president Mwai Kibaki.

William Walbe

Walbe gained notoriety as a conspirator in the July 1966 countercoup which resulted in the murder of the second Nigerian Head of State, General Aguiyi Ironsi and the Military Governor of the Western Region, Lt Colonel Adekunle Fajuyi.

YourLastRight.com

Marshall Perron, former Chief Minister of the Northern Territory and the first head of state anywhere in the world to have voluntary euthanasia legalised, and others, serve as special advisors.

Zhanjiang

At the end of the war, the region returned briefly under French rule before being formally returned to China in 1946 by general Charles de Gaulle, then French head of state.