The term was originally coined by Peter Turchin in 2003, and can be traced to the work of such figures as Ibn Khaldun, Jack Goldstone, Sergey Kapitsa, Randall Collins, Peter Turchin, John Komlos, Sergey Nefedov and Andrey Korotayev.
He has also worked as a consultant of the US government, for example, serving as chair of the National Research Council's evaluation of USAID Democracy Assistance Programs.
Jack Kerouac | Jack Nicholson | Jack Nicklaus | Jack the Ripper | Jack London | Jack Kemp | Jack Kirby | Jack Lemmon | Jack Black | Jack Abramoff | Jack Dempsey | Jack Benny | Jack White | Wolfman Jack | Union Jack | Jack White (musician) | Jack and the Beanstalk | Jack Johnson | Jack Charlton | Jack Palance | Jack Daniel's | Jack | Jack Paar | Jack Layton | Jack Straw | Jack Vance | Jack Bruce | Jack Warden | Jack's Mannequin | Jack in the Box |