Oklahoma's first black state legislator, A.C. Hamlin, was among the new group of state legislators, but was limited to one term by a Jim Crow law passed by the legislature.
In 1955 when she entered Syracuse, the State of Virginia was still segregated with its Jim Crow laws intact.
Due to racial prejudice, politics and Jim Crow laws there were no African Americans included in the community.
This school once was a high school because back then Jim Crow laws was going on and that school were for African Americans in Johns Island, South Carolina.
Beyond these, African Americans and other ethnic minority servicemen had to undergo their training in communities run by Jim Crow laws, enforced by active chapters of the Ku Klux Klan.
It was a time when Virginia was still highly racially segregated under the old Jim Crow laws which were later overturned by various U.S. Supreme Court decisions beginning in the 1950s and before the new Civil Rights laws of the 1960s were enacted.
The Jackson Davis Collection of over 5,000 photographs and numerous manuscripts and documents housed at the University of Virginia is one of the more comprehensive archives available for research on the topic of minority education during the Jim Crow era in the southern United States.
Many also joined the Redeemers in their successful attempt to replace the brief period of civil rights promised to African Americans during the Reconstruction era with the Jim Crow era of segregation and second-class citizenship that persisted into the 20th century.
Unusually for the Southern United States in the era of Jim Crow laws when racial segregation was the law, many Mares's jam sessions were racially integrated, as were a good number of his recordings.
Jim Thorpe | Jim Carrey | Bachelor of Laws | Sheryl Crow | Jim DeMint | Jim Morrison | Jim Jarmusch | Jim Jones | Jim Henson | Jim Dine | Master of Laws | Jim Starlin | Crow | Jim Reeves | Jim Flaherty | Jim Cummings | Jim Bunning | According to Jim | Jim O'Rourke | Jim Nabors | Jim Bohannon | The Crow | Jim Lovell | Jim Lauderdale | Jim Crow laws | Jim Clark | Old Crow Medicine Show | Jim O'Rourke (musician) | Jim Keltner | Jim Crockett Promotions |
Born in Saint George, South Carolina, Miller published one of the first collections of modern African-American poetry, as well as four books of poetry and a memoir, Ticket to Exile about his life growing up in the Jim Crow South.
Even though Delaware is nominally a northern state, and was mostly aligned with the Union during the American Civil War, it nonetheless was de facto and de jure segregated; Jim Crow laws persisted in the state well into the 1940s, and its educational system was segregated by operation of law.
Subsequent rulings known as Jim Crow Laws led other African American leaders such as Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois to hold the second Niagara Movement (an early form of the NAACP) conference at the school in 1906 to discuss ways to peacefully combat legalized discrimination and segregation.
The term Jim Crow economy applies to a specific set of economic conditions during the period when the Jim Crow laws were in effect; however, it should also be taken as an attempt to disentangle the economic ramifications from the politico-legal ramifications of "separate but equal" de jure segregation, to consider how the economic impacts might have persisted beyond the politico-legal ramifications.
A midnight ramble was a segregation-era midnight showing of films for an African American audience, often in a cinema where, under Jim Crow laws they would never have been admitted at other times.
2008 independent presidential candidate Ralph Nader referred to the laws such as the one Jacob was charged with breaking as “Jim Crow laws,” adding, “We’ve seen this before against African Americans.