One of the many major changes is the inclusion of the all-powerful Javanese indigenous deity dhayana Guardian God of Java Semar (in Balinese literature known as Twalen) and his misshapen sons, Gareng, Petruk, and Bagong who make up the numerically significant four Punokawan or "clown servants".
Ramayana | Rama and Lakshmana seated on Kabandha's arms, about to sever them. Kabandha is depicted with a big mouth on his stomach and no head or neck; though depicted with two eyes, the ''Ramayana'' describes him as one-eyed. (Painting on ceiling of temple in Ayodhyapattinam near Salem, Tamil Nadu | Kusha (Ramayana) | Kakawin Ramayana |
Some of the important adaptations of the classic tale include the 12th century Tamil language Ramavataram, 14th century Telugu language Sri Ranganatha Ramayanam,the Khmer Reamker, the Old Javanese Kakawin Ramayana, and the Thai Ramakien and the Laos Phra Lak Phra Lam.