A Turkish-German vernacular has developed, employing phrases such as the racist German term “Kanak Sprak” – or “nigga speak” – and using Turkish imagery, such as one group, Cartel, which featured the Turkish flag on the cover of their album.
The sociolect takes its name directly from the title of the book Kanak Sprak (1995) by German Turkish author Feridun Zaimoğlu.