3-Methylfentanyl was also reported by Russian media as the identity of the anaesthetic "gas" Kolokol-1 (it may have been an aerosol, of a free base dissolved in halothane) used in the Moscow theater hostage crisis in 2002, in which many hostages died from accidental overdoses of the narcotic.
He became the main ideologue of the Russian White movement in emigration and between 1927 and 1930 was a publisher and editor of the Russian-language journal Kolokol (Bell).