Pervoye Maya, Kara-Kulja, a village in Kara-Kulja District, Osh Province, Kyrgyzstan
According to historians, Sokuluk started its existence in the early 1880s, as a place of settlement of many of the Dungan people who moved to the Russian Empire from the Kulja (Yining) area between 1881 and 1883, after Russia agreed to withdraw its troops from Kulja pursuant to the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881).
Despite his early successes, Zhang's forces were overrun at Kulja and Chuguchak, and he committed suicide after the battle at Muzart Pass to avoid capture.
In 1872, he traveled in Persia in the company of Sir John Underwood Bateman-Champain (one of the directors of the Indo-European Telegraph Company), and visited Kulja and the surrounding area.
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In 1879, he translated From Kulja across the Tien Shan (TianShan) to Lobnor by Przevalsky, now edited by Sir Thomas Douglas Forsyth.