Agricultural products grown in the villae nearby and valuable minerals (silver, gold and tin) obtained from the lower Alentejo region were sent from the fluvial port of Mértola via the Guadiana to Southern Hispania and the Mediterranean.
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Nevertheless, the inner arrangement of the naves of the church, with four naves and several columns, strongly resembles that of the original mosque, and the interior of the church still has the mihrab, the decorated niche that indicates the direction of the Mecca.
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The municipality is composed of 9 parishes and is located in the southeastern part of the District of Beja, in the Lower Alentejo region.
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During the reign of Sancho II of Portugal, and from 1228 he conducted a military campaign against the Moors in the region of Alentejo, conquering Aljustrel, Alvalade, Juromenha, Beja and Mértola.