Mathai worked with the United States Army in India before becoming an assistant to Nehru in 1946.
#(With S.B. Provost), Quadratic Forms in random Variables: Theory and Applications, Marcel Dekker, New York, (1992).
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#(With H.J. Haubold), Modern Problems in Nuclear and Neutrino Astrophysics, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin.
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In 1959 he completed his Masters Degree in Statistics from University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India with first class, first rank and gold medal.