Some dog breeds (especially the Rough Collie, the Smooth Collie, the Shetland Sheepdog, and the Australian Shepherd), though, have a high incidence of a certain mutation within the MDR1 gene; affected animals are particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of ivermectin.
His areas of expertise includes a major contribution to the discovery of P-glycoprotein (MDR1, ABCB1), the multidrug resistance efflux transporter associated with clinical resistance to anti-cancer agents.