Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain, a cause of action must be universally recognized by the law of nations as a prohibited norm in order to be actionable
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Humberto Álvarez Machaín, physician from Mexico accused of aiding in the torture and killing of Enrique Camarena Salazar in 1985
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United States v. Alvarez-Machain, 504 U.S. 655 (1992), decision by the United States Supreme Court
Despite vigorous protests from the Mexican government, Álvarez was tried in United States District Court in Los Angeles; the trial, in which his defense focused intensely on the legality of the arrest, resulted in an acquittal.