In 1991 he was again a member of an Israeli peace negotiating team, traveling as part of the Israeli delegation to the Madrid Peace Conference that opened the negotiations (for which he served as chairman of the Israeli delegation) that would eventually lead to the 1993 Oslo peace accords, a major breakthrough in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
He has also served on the refugee committee in the multilateral peace talks held following the Madrid Conference of 1991.
Tehiya, Tzomet and Moledet all left the coalition in late 1991 and early 1992 in protest at Shamir's participation in the Madrid Conference, but the government remained in office until Yitzhak Rabin formed the twenty-fifth government, following the Labor Party's victory in the 1992 elections.
Madrid | 1991 | 1991 in music | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development | Complutense University of Madrid | Big Ten Conference | Real Madrid C.F. | Autonomous University of Madrid | Southeastern Conference | Atlético Madrid | 1991 in television | Paris Peace Conference, 1919 | Paris Peace Conference | United States Conference of Catholic Bishops | Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference | Big 12 Conference | 1991–92 in English football | Southern Christian Leadership Conference | Big East Conference (1979–2013) | Beauty and the Beast (1991 film) | Academic conference | TED (conference) | National Football Conference | Atlantic Coast Conference | University of Madrid | Sun Belt Conference | 1991 in film | Yalta Conference | Wannsee Conference | American Football Conference |
In 1987, a mass revolt, of predominantly civil resistance, called the First Intifada, exploded, leading to the Madrid Conference of 1991, and subsequently to the Oslo I Accord, which produced an interim understanding allowing a new Palestinian authority, the PNA to exercise limited autonomy in 3% (later 17%) of the West Bank, and parts of the Gaza Strip not used or earmarked for Israeli settlement.