Maslama ibn Mukhallad al-Ansari (616/620 – 682), companion of Muhammad and governor of Egypt
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Maslama al-Majriti (died 1007/8), Muslim scholar, astronomer and mathematician from al-Andalus
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Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik (died 738), Umayyad prince and general against the Byzantines and Khazars