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Charles IV (5 April 1604, Nancy – 18 September 1675, Allenbach) was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, Nicholas Francis, and again from 1661 until 1675 (his death).
Balfour notably served as Scottish Ambassador to the Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Duke of Lorraine in 1606 and was a member of the Scottish Privy Council.
He studied philosophy and theology at the University of Pont-à-Mousson, 1622–1629.
The Dukes of Lorraine controlled the transit of salt and wheat towards the mountains, and imposed a 'protection levy' on the 'Saulniers Way', a well frequented trade route across the mountains towards Sélestat and Saales.