While the Romanian Communist Party began leading Romania in 1948, this section focuses on the time period between 1966-1989 during Nicolae Ceaușescu's rule.
Unknown in the times of Tintin were later strong leaders from the same area: Nicolae Ceaușescu of Romania, Todor Zhivkov of Bulgaria and Enver Hoxha of Albania.
Because of the communist regime in Romania in that period, Bernabéu had to hold talks with Nicolae Ceaușescu himself, but could not persuade him, because Dobrin was regarded as a "national good" and such values could not be "estranged", especially not working for foreigners, according to the communist doctrine of that time.
Due to the same "energy saving programme" between 1985 and 1989, the TVR schedule was severely limited to only about two hours per day, between 20:00 and 22:00, most of which were dedicated to the cult of personalities of Nicolae Ceauşescu and his wife Elena; with an exception on Saturdays, from 13:00 to 15:00 and 19:00 to 22:30 and Sundays (the same program as Saturdays, but with children's programs between 11:30 and 12:30).
Nicolae Ceaușescu | Dumitru Nicolae | Nicolae Iorga | Elena Ceauşescu | Nicolae Tonitza | Nicolae Neagoe | Nicolae Marinescu | Nicolae Dică | Nicu Ceauşescu | Nicolae Xenopol | Nicolae Văcăroiu | Nicolae Titulescu | Nicolae Rotaru | Nicolae Paulescu | Nicolae Milescu | Nicolae Martinescu | Nicolae Mărgineanu | Nicolae Malaxa | Nicolae L. Lupu | Nicolae Labiş | Nicolae Ivan | Nicolae Ionescu | Nicolae Grigorescu | Nicolae Dobrin | Nicolae Dabija (politician) | Nicolae Dabija | Nicolae Ceaușescu's cult of personality | Nicolae Cambrea | 1918-12-13
''Seven o'clock in the evening...''
''It's quiet throughout the land.''
(Cartoon by Nicolae Tonitza |
Alexandra was born during the regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu, to a prolific playwright and poet father (Dinu Grigorescu) who later became the deputy Governor of Bucharest and Special Adviser to the Prime Minister of Romania, and a French teacher mother (Despina Grigorescu).
Growing up, Suceavă spent his holidays with his maternal grandparents at Nucșoara, a remote community that maintained its traditions, unbroken by the collectivisation elsewhere of Ceaușescu regime.
At the behest of the British Council, they played an international music festival in Moscow, and in early 1990, along with Skin Games and Jesus Jones were one the first western bands to tour post-Nicolae Ceauşescu Romania.
A notable solo album, Songs (Intakt 026: 1993), features politically oriented originals, such as "Knock on the Door" and "Hello Ceausescu", and covers, such as Nick Drake's "Thoughts of Mary Jane", and Floyd Tillman's "This Cold War With You".
A number of prominent figures are buried there, including Nicolae, Elena and Nicu Ceauşescu, Gheorghe Argeşanu, Ilie Verdeţ, Costică Toma, Nicolae Tonitza and Florența Crăciunescu.
During his ten years at ITN, he was the only reporter to have covered the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and the fall of Ceaucescu in Romania.
The ending "-ad" ("-ada" in Romanian) was used ironically, since many of Ceauşescu's Communist manifestations had endings like this, for instance the annual national sporting event Daciad (in order to compare them either with an epic, like the Iliad or, rather, with the international Olympiad).
Some of their songs are satires on stars like Louison Bobet, Nicolae Ceauşescu, Maria Callas, Jacques Chirac, Jodie Foster or deal with more serious topics like war: "Libannais raides", "Hiroshima"; drugs: "Le Manège enchanté", "Kaliman"; and misery: "LSD for Ethiopie", "In the Ghettos" — always with irony.
More and more overtly opposed to the Nicolae Ceauşescu's dictatorship, her next volume, Aripa secretă (The Secret Annex) employed a not uncommon strategy to circumvent censorship by creating a fantastic diary of, and dialogue with Anne Frank, a thinly disguised metaphor for life in the open-air camp that Romania had become into during the last years of communist rule.
His research interests lie in 19th century and 20th century Central-Eastern Europe; Almond has written a biography of Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu, a study of Albanian migration, and a study of the Bosnian War in its historical context.
Although most postal regulations permit the exclusion of "objectionable" pictures on the stamps, in 2004 The Smoking Gun managed to create personalised stamps featuring the Rosenbergs, Jimmy Hoffa, Ted Kaczynski, Monica Lewinsky's dress, Slobodan Milošević and Nicolae Ceauşescu using the service offered by stamps.com.
Stasi files opened after 1989 indicated that the bombing was carried out by a group under the direction of Ilich Ramírez Sánchez (AKA Carlos the Jackal), and paid for by Nicolae Ceaușescu, president of Romania.
Responding to General Secretary of the Communist Party Nicolae Ceaușescu's calculated distancing of Romania from Soviet foreign policy, particularly Romania's continued diplomatic relations with Israel and denunciation of the 1968 Soviet intervention in Czechoslovakia, President Richard Nixon paid an official visit to Romania in August 1969.
The clearest examples of Sultanism are "Haiti under the Duvaliers, the Dominican Republic under Trujillo, the Central African Republic under Bokassa, the Philippines under Marcos, Romania under Ceauşescu, and North Korea under Kim Il Sung." (Linz & Stepan, Modern Nondemocratic Regimes).
Măgureanu was one of the members of the Military Tribunal that sentenced to death both Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife, Elena on December 25, the Christmas Day of 1989, the former Communist leaders of Romania.
On 4 November 1957, a plane carrying Romanian Workers' Party officials, including the most prominent politicians of Communist Romania (Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Chivu Stoica, Alexandru Moghioroş, Ştefan Voitec, Nicolae Ceauşescu, Leonte Răutu, and Grigore Preoteasa), was involved in an accident at Vnukovo Airport.