Its largest concentration of assets is around the Marunouchi and Otemachi districts west of Tokyo Station, an area purchased by the zaibatsu from the Meiji government in 1890 and developed into an office district.
Rather, vertical segregation is applied on a piecemeal basis, as in sewers, utility poles, depressed highways, elevated railways, common utility ducts, the extensive complex of underground malls surrounding Tokyo Station and the Ōtemachi subway station, the elevated pedestrian skyway networks of Minneapolis and Calgary, the underground cities of Atlanta and Montreal, and the multilevel streets in Chicago.